L
ling-daw
↓ 0 downloadsLing DAW engine: synth, physical-modeling drums, effects, mixer, sequencer, project I/O
lingfu install ling-dawCode / Files (91)
src/sheet.rs
//! Sheet music as a playful, technical schematic: no staff, no clefs. Time runs left to right on a bar / beat grid, height is pitch, every
//! note is a tile whose colour is its pitch class (twelve colours, the same ones the karaoke ribbon uses), whose letter is its name in
//! English, Daemon or Chesilin letters, whose width is its length and whose brightness is its loudness. Black-key rows are shaded, chords
//! are stacked and joined by a stem, drums get a symbol per piece, lyrics sit under the notes they are sung on. A sight reader learns the
//! colour wheel on the first page and then reads the rest like tablature.
//!
//! Output: one SVG per page (fonts embedded) and one HTML with every page, ready to print to PDF.
use crate::karaoke::pc_rgb;
use crate::model::*;
#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Debug)]
pub enum FontMode {
English,
Daemon,
Chesilin,
}
#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Debug)]
pub enum Scheme {
/// twelve pitch-class colours
Rainbow,
/// the same, softer, for printing on paper
Pastel,
/// white tiles with black outlines: only the letters tell the pitch
Ink,
/// the track's own colour, lighter for higher octaves
Track,
}
#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
pub struct Opts {
pub font: FontMode,
pub scheme: Scheme,
pub bars_per_row: usize,
pub landscape: bool,
/// tracks to draw (empty = every track with notes)
pub tracks: Vec<usize>,
pub lyrics: bool,
pub names: bool,
pub octaves: bool,
pub dark: bool,
pub square: bool,
/// 1-based inclusive bars to draw; 0 = to the end
pub from_bar: usize,
pub to_bar: usize,
pub title: String,
/// notation on five-line staves (default) instead of the piano-roll style grid
pub staff: bool,
}
impl Default for Opts {
fn default() -> Opts {
Opts { font: FontMode::Daemon, scheme: Scheme::Rainbow, bars_per_row: 4, landscape: true, tracks: vec![], lyrics: true, names: true, octaves: true, dark: false, square: false, from_bar: 1, to_bar: 0, title: String::new(), staff: true }
}
}
impl Opts {
/// `key=value;key=value`
pub fn parse(s: &str) -> Opts {
let mut o = Opts::default();
for kv in s.split(';') {
let Some((k, v)) = kv.split_once('=') else { continue };
let (k, v) = (k.trim(), v.trim());
match k {
"font" => o.font = match v { "english" => FontMode::English, "chesilin" => FontMode::Chesilin, _ => FontMode::Daemon },
"scheme" => o.scheme = match v { "pastel" => Scheme::Pastel, "ink" => Scheme::Ink, "track" => Scheme::Track, _ => Scheme::Rainbow },
"bars" => o.bars_per_row = v.parse().unwrap_or(4usize).clamp(1, 16),
"landscape" => o.landscape = v != "0",
"tracks" => o.tracks = v.split(',').filter_map(|x| x.trim().parse().ok()).collect(),
"lyrics" => o.lyrics = v != "0",
"names" => o.names = v != "0",
"octaves" => o.octaves = v != "0",
"dark" => o.dark = v == "1",
"square" => o.square = v == "1",
"from" => o.from_bar = v.parse().unwrap_or(1usize).max(1),
"to" => o.to_bar = v.parse().unwrap_or(0),
"title" => o.title = v.to_string(),
"style" => o.staff = v != "grid",
_ => {}
}
}
o
}
}
// ── data ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
#[derive(Clone)]
struct N {
s: f64,
e: f64,
key: u8,
vel: f32,
}
fn track_notes(t: &Track) -> Vec<N> {
let mut out = vec![];
for c in &t.clips {
let ClipData::Midi(notes) = &c.data else { continue };
let ll = if c.loop_len >= 0.25 && c.loop_len < c.len { c.loop_len } else { 0.0 };
let reps = if ll > 0.0 { ((c.len / ll).ceil() as usize).min(512) } else { 1 };
for k in 0..reps {
let base = c.start + k as f64 * ll;
let limit = if ll > 0.0 { ll.min(c.len - k as f64 * ll) } else { c.len };
for n in notes.iter().filter(|n| n.start < limit) {
out.push(N { s: base + n.start, e: base + n.start + n.len.min(limit - n.start).max(0.05), key: n.key, vel: n.vel });
}
}
}
out.sort_by(|a, b| a.s.total_cmp(&b.s).then(a.key.cmp(&b.key)));
out
}
const NAMES: [&str; 12] = ["C", "C", "D", "D", "E", "F", "F", "G", "G", "A", "A", "B"];
fn is_sharp(k: u8) -> bool {
matches!(k % 12, 1 | 3 | 6 | 8 | 10)
}
/// drum groups, top row first: (label letter, colour, keys)
const DRUMS: [(&str, u32, &[u8]); 8] = [
("C", 0xE8B23A, &[49, 57, 52, 55]),
("R", 0x9AA8B8, &[51, 59, 53, 56]),
("O", 0x58C8E8, &[46]),
("H", 0x3AA0D8, &[42, 44]),
("P", 0xC878E8, &[39, 54, 69, 70, 75, 76, 77, 80, 81]),
("S", 0xE8584A, &[37, 38, 40]),
("T", 0x5AC878, &[41, 43, 45, 47, 48, 50]),
("K", 0xF08A2A, &[35, 36]),
];
fn drum_row(k: u8) -> usize {
DRUMS.iter().position(|d| d.2.contains(&k)).unwrap_or(4)
}
// ── drawing ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
fn esc(s: &str) -> String {
s.replace('&', "&").replace('<', "<").replace('>', ">").replace('"', """)
}
fn hexc(c: u32) -> String {
format!("#{c:06x}")
}
fn mix(a: u32, b: u32, t: f32) -> u32 {
let ch = |s: u32| -> u32 {
let (x, y) = (((a >> s) & 255) as f32, ((b >> s) & 255) as f32);
(x + (y - x) * t).round().clamp(0.0, 255.0) as u32
};
ch(16) << 16 | ch(8) << 8 | ch(0)
}
struct Theme {
paper: u32,
ink: u32,
faint: u32,
black_row: u32,
}
fn theme(dark: bool) -> Theme {
if dark {
Theme { paper: 0x0e1118, ink: 0xe8edf5, faint: 0x2b3340, black_row: 0x161b25 }
} else {
Theme { paper: 0xfbfaf6, ink: 0x1a1f2b, faint: 0xd5d8de, black_row: 0xeceef2 }
}
}
fn tile_fill(o: &Opts, th: &Theme, key: u8, track_col: u32) -> (u32, u32) {
match o.scheme {
Scheme::Rainbow => (pc_rgb(key % 12), mix(pc_rgb(key % 12), if o.dark { 0xffffff } else { 0x000000 }, 0.45)),
Scheme::Pastel => (mix(pc_rgb(key % 12), 0xffffff, 0.45), mix(pc_rgb(key % 12), 0x000000, 0.25)),
Scheme::Ink => (th.paper, th.ink),
Scheme::Track => {
let oct = (key / 12) as f32;
(mix(track_col, if o.dark { 0x000000 } else { 0xffffff }, ((oct - 2.0) / 7.0).clamp(0.0, 1.0) * 0.6), mix(track_col, 0x000000, 0.4))
}
}
}
struct Page {
body: String,
}
struct Ctx<'a> {
o: &'a Opts,
th: Theme,
w: f64,
h: f64,
fam_note: String,
}
fn font_family(m: FontMode) -> &'static str {
match m {
FontMode::English => "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif",
FontMode::Daemon => "'LSXDaemon','Segoe UI',sans-serif",
FontMode::Chesilin => "'LSXChesilin','Segoe UI',sans-serif",
}
}
fn text(x: f64, y: f64, size: f64, fill: &str, anchor: &str, fam: &str, s: &str, extra: &str) -> String {
format!("<text x=\"{x:.1}\" y=\"{y:.1}\" font-size=\"{size:.1}\" fill=\"{fill}\" text-anchor=\"{anchor}\" font-family=\"{fam}\" {extra}>{}</text>\n", esc(s))
}
/// a small sharp sign drawn with lines (every font has one, and Chesilin has none)
fn sharp_mark(x: f64, y: f64, s: f64, col: &str) -> String {
format!(
"<g stroke=\"{col}\" stroke-width=\"{:.2}\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"><path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1}v{:.1}M{:.1} {:.1}v{:.1}M{:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}M{:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}\"/></g>\n",
(s * 0.12).max(0.6),
x - s * 0.15, y - s * 0.5, s,
x + s * 0.15, y - s * 0.55, s,
x - s * 0.4, y - s * 0.12, s * 0.8, -s * 0.2,
x - s * 0.4, y + s * 0.2, s * 0.8, -s * 0.2
)
}
fn legend(c: &Ctx, x: f64, y: f64) -> String {
let (o, th) = (c.o, &c.th);
let mut s = String::new();
let ink = hexc(th.ink);
s.push_str(&text(x, y + 8.0, 9.0, &hexc(mix(th.ink, th.paper, 0.45)), "start", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", "HOW TO READ", "letter-spacing=\"2\""));
// the colour wheel: twelve tiles in chromatic order
let tw = 34.0;
for k in 0..12u8 {
let (fill, stroke) = tile_fill(o, th, 60 + k, 0x4a64d8);
let tx = x + k as f64 * (tw + 3.0);
let r = if o.square { 0.0 } else { 6.0 };
s.push_str(&format!("<rect x=\"{tx:.1}\" y=\"{:.1}\" width=\"{tw}\" height=\"28\" rx=\"{r}\" fill=\"{}\" stroke=\"{}\" stroke-width=\"1.2\"/>\n", y + 16.0, hexc(fill), hexc(stroke)));
let lc = if matches!(o.scheme, Scheme::Ink) { ink.clone() } else { "#10131a".to_string() };
s.push_str(&text(tx + tw / 2.0 - if is_sharp(k) { 4.0 } else { 0.0 }, y + 37.0, 20.0, &lc, "middle", font_family(o.font), NAMES[k as usize], ""));
if is_sharp(k) {
s.push_str(&sharp_mark(tx + tw - 8.0, y + 25.0, 9.0, &lc));
}
// the plain letter underneath, so the glyphs can be learned
s.push_str(&text(tx + tw / 2.0, y + 56.0, 9.0, &hexc(mix(th.ink, th.paper, 0.35)), "middle", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &format!("{}{}", NAMES[k as usize], if is_sharp(k) { "#" } else { "" }), ""));
}
let lx = x + 12.0 * (tw + 3.0) + 22.0;
let line = |i: f64, t: &str| text(lx, y + 18.0 + i * 13.0, 10.0, &hexc(mix(th.ink, th.paper, 0.2)), "start", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", t, "");
if o.staff {
s.push_str(&line(0.0, "STAFF: higher on the lines = higher pitch (treble / bass clef)"));
s.push_str(&line(1.0, "COLOUR of each head names the note (see the wheel); # = sharp"));
s.push_str(&line(2.0, "DARK-CENTRED head = long note; flags / beams = shorter"));
s.push_str(&line(3.0, "RESTS = silence; a curve ties a note over a bar line"));
} else {
s.push_str(&line(0.0, "TIME runs left to right: a bar = 4 beats, the lines mark each beat"));
s.push_str(&line(1.0, "HEIGHT is pitch: higher tile = higher note; shaded rows are the black keys"));
s.push_str(&line(2.0, "WIDTH is length; a long tile is a held note; a stem joins a chord"));
s.push_str(&line(3.0, "BRIGHT is loud, faded is soft; the small number is the octave"));
}
s.push_str(&line(4.0, "DRUMS: K kick S snare H hat O open hat T tom C crash R ride P perc"));
s
}
fn header(c: &Ctx, p: &Project, first: bool, page: usize, pages: usize, bars: usize, secs: f64) -> String {
let (o, th) = (c.o, &c.th);
let mut s = String::new();
let title = if o.title.is_empty() { p.name.clone() } else { o.title.clone() };
let ink = hexc(th.ink);
let dim = hexc(mix(th.ink, th.paper, 0.45));
if first {
let fs = if title.chars().count() > 30 { 30.0 } else { 38.0 };
s.push_str(&text(40.0, 58.0, fs, &ink, "start", font_family(o.font), &title, ""));
s.push_str(&text(42.0, 84.0, 12.0, &dim, "start", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &format!("{} BPM 4/4 {} bars {}:{:02} LingStation", p.bpm.round(), bars, (secs / 60.0) as u32, (secs % 60.0) as u32), "letter-spacing=\"1.5\""));
s.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"40\" y1=\"96\" x2=\"{:.1}\" y2=\"96\" stroke=\"{}\" stroke-width=\"1.4\"/>\n", c.w - 40.0, ink));
s.push_str(&legend(c, 40.0, 106.0));
} else {
s.push_str(&text(40.0, 40.0, 18.0, &ink, "start", font_family(o.font), &title, ""));
s.push_str(&text(c.w - 40.0, 40.0, 11.0, &dim, "end", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &format!("page {} / {}", page, pages), ""));
}
s
}
struct Lane {
track: usize,
drums: bool,
min: u8,
max: u8,
row_h: f64,
height: f64,
lyrics: bool,
}
pub struct Sheet {
pub pages: Vec<String>,
pub bars: usize,
pub tracks: usize,
}
/// Build the pages. `lyrics(track)` gives (start beat, end beat, text, word start) for a track's syllables.
pub fn build(p: &Project, o: &Opts, lyric_fn: &dyn Fn(usize) -> Vec<(f64, f64, String, bool)>) -> Sheet {
if o.staff {
return build_staff(p, o, lyric_fn);
}
let th = theme(o.dark);
let (pw, ph) = if o.landscape { (1400.0, 990.0) } else { (990.0, 1400.0) };
let c = Ctx { o, th, w: pw, h: ph, fam_note: font_family(o.font).to_string() };
let end_beat = p.end_beat().max(4.0);
let total_bars = (end_beat / 4.0).ceil() as usize;
let from = o.from_bar.max(1) - 1;
let to = if o.to_bar == 0 { total_bars } else { o.to_bar.min(total_bars) };
let bars = to.saturating_sub(from).max(1);
let secs = p.beats_to_secs(0.0, end_beat);
// lanes
let want: Vec<usize> = if o.tracks.is_empty() { (0..p.tracks.len()).collect() } else { o.tracks.clone() };
let mut lanes: Vec<(Lane, Vec<N>)> = vec![];
for ti in want {
let Some(t) = p.tracks.get(ti) else { continue };
if !matches!(t.kind, TrackKind::Instrument) {
continue;
}
let notes = track_notes(t);
let notes: Vec<N> = notes.into_iter().filter(|n| n.e > from as f64 * 4.0 && n.s < to as f64 * 4.0).collect();
if notes.is_empty() {
continue;
}
let drums = t.inst_kind == "drums";
let (min, max) = if drums { (0, (DRUMS.len() - 1) as u8) } else { (notes.iter().map(|n| n.key).min().unwrap_or(60), notes.iter().map(|n| n.key).max().unwrap_or(60)) };
let rows = if drums { DRUMS.len() } else { (max - min) as usize + 3 };
let row_h = if drums { 11.0 } else { (150.0 / rows as f64).clamp(4.5, 11.0) };
let ly = o.lyrics && !lyric_fn(ti).is_empty();
lanes.push((Lane { track: ti, drums, min, max, row_h, height: rows as f64 * row_h + if ly { 20.0 } else { 0.0 }, lyrics: ly }, notes));
}
let grid_x = 40.0 + 120.0;
let grid_w = pw - 40.0 - grid_x;
let bar_w = grid_w / o.bars_per_row as f64;
let sys_gap = 26.0;
let lane_gap = 7.0;
let mut pages: Vec<Page> = vec![];
let mut cur = Page { body: String::new() };
let mut y = 110.0 + 96.0;
let top_first = y;
let mut first = true;
let mut sys_start = from;
let sys_h = 16.0 + lanes.iter().map(|l| l.0.height + lane_gap).sum::<f64>();
while sys_start < to {
if y + sys_h > ph - 40.0 && y > (if first { top_first } else { 70.0 }) + 1.0 {
pages.push(std::mem::replace(&mut cur, Page { body: String::new() }));
first = false;
y = 70.0;
}
let sys_bars = o.bars_per_row.min(to - sys_start);
let b0 = sys_start as f64 * 4.0;
let b1 = (sys_start + sys_bars) as f64 * 4.0;
let x_end = grid_x + sys_bars as f64 * bar_w;
let ink = hexc(c.th.ink);
// bar numbers and the tempo marks
for b in 0..=sys_bars {
let bx = grid_x + b as f64 * bar_w;
if b < sys_bars {
cur.body.push_str(&text(bx + 3.0, y + 9.0, 9.0, &hexc(mix(c.th.ink, c.th.paper, 0.4)), "start", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &format!("{}", sys_start + b + 1), ""));
}
}
for (tb, bpm) in &p.tempo_map {
if *tb >= b0 && *tb < b1 {
let tx = grid_x + (tb - b0) / 4.0 * bar_w;
cur.body.push_str(&text(tx + 3.0, y - 2.0, 9.0, "#d66a2a", "start", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &format!("{} BPM", bpm.round()), "font-weight=\"bold\""));
}
}
let mut ly = y + 16.0;
let mut page_top = if first { top_first } else { 70.0 };
for (li, (lane, notes)) in lanes.iter().enumerate() {
// a system taller than the page continues on the next one, with its bar numbers repeated
if li > 0 && ly + lane.height > ph - 40.0 && ly > page_top + 20.0 {
pages.push(std::mem::replace(&mut cur, Page { body: String::new() }));
first = false;
y = 70.0;
page_top = 70.0;
for b in 0..sys_bars {
cur.body.push_str(&text(grid_x + b as f64 * bar_w + 3.0, y + 9.0, 9.0, &hexc(mix(c.th.ink, c.th.paper, 0.4)), "start", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &format!("{}", sys_start + b + 1), ""));
}
ly = y + 16.0;
}
let t = &p.tracks[lane.track];
let tcol = t.color & 0xFFFFFF;
let rh = lane.row_h;
let grid_h = lane.height - if lane.lyrics { 20.0 } else { 0.0 };
// label
cur.body.push_str(&format!("<rect x=\"40\" y=\"{:.1}\" width=\"6\" height=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{}\"/>\n", ly, grid_h, hexc(tcol)));
cur.body.push_str(&text(54.0, ly + 14.0, 13.0, &ink, "start", &c.fam_note, &t.name.chars().take(14).collect::<String>(), ""));
cur.body.push_str(&text(54.0, ly + 28.0, 8.5, &hexc(mix(c.th.ink, c.th.paper, 0.45)), "start", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &t.name.chars().take(22).collect::<String>(), ""));
// background rows
cur.body.push_str(&format!("<rect x=\"{grid_x:.1}\" y=\"{ly:.1}\" width=\"{:.1}\" height=\"{grid_h:.1}\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"{}\" stroke-width=\"1\"/>\n", x_end - grid_x, hexc(c.th.faint)));
if !lane.drums {
for k in lane.min.saturating_sub(1)..=lane.max + 1 {
let ry = ly + (lane.max as f64 + 1.0 - k as f64) * rh + rh * 0.0;
let ry = ry.max(ly - 0.0);
if is_sharp(k) {
cur.body.push_str(&format!("<rect x=\"{grid_x:.1}\" y=\"{ry:.1}\" width=\"{:.1}\" height=\"{rh:.1}\" fill=\"{}\"/>\n", x_end - grid_x, hexc(c.th.black_row)));
}
if k % 12 == 0 {
cur.body.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"{grid_x:.1}\" y1=\"{:.1}\" x2=\"{x_end:.1}\" y2=\"{:.1}\" stroke=\"{}\" stroke-width=\"0.8\"/>\n", ry + rh, ry + rh, hexc(mix(c.th.faint, c.th.ink, 0.25))));
if rh >= 6.0 {
cur.body.push_str(&text(grid_x - 4.0, ry + rh - 1.5, 8.0, &hexc(mix(c.th.ink, c.th.paper, 0.4)), "end", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &format!("C{}", k / 12), ""));
}
}
}
} else {
for (i, d) in DRUMS.iter().enumerate() {
let ry = ly + i as f64 * rh;
cur.body.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"{grid_x:.1}\" y1=\"{:.1}\" x2=\"{x_end:.1}\" y2=\"{:.1}\" stroke=\"{}\" stroke-width=\"0.5\"/>\n", ry + rh, ry + rh, hexc(c.th.faint)));
cur.body.push_str(&text(grid_x - 5.0, ry + rh - 2.0, 9.0, &hexc(d.1), "end", &c.fam_note, d.0, "font-weight=\"bold\""));
}
}
// beat lines
for b in 0..sys_bars * 4 + 1 {
let bx = grid_x + b as f64 * bar_w / 4.0;
let bar = b % 4 == 0;
cur.body.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"{bx:.1}\" y1=\"{ly:.1}\" x2=\"{bx:.1}\" y2=\"{:.1}\" stroke=\"{}\" stroke-width=\"{}\"{}/>\n", ly + grid_h, if bar { ink.clone() } else { hexc(c.th.faint) }, if bar { 1.3 } else { 0.7 }, if bar { "" } else { " stroke-dasharray=\"2 3\"" }));
}
// notes
let mut chord_marks: Vec<(f64, f64, f64)> = vec![];
for n in notes.iter().filter(|n| n.e > b0 && n.s < b1) {
let (s, e) = (n.s.max(b0), n.e.min(b1));
let x0 = grid_x + (s - b0) / 4.0 * bar_w;
let w = ((e - s) / 4.0 * bar_w - 1.5).max(3.0);
let op = 0.5 + 0.5 * n.vel.clamp(0.0, 1.0) as f64;
if lane.drums {
let r = drum_row(n.key);
let (cx, cy) = (x0 + 5.0, ly + r as f64 * rh + rh * 0.5);
let col = hexc(if matches!(o.scheme, Scheme::Ink) { c.th.ink } else { DRUMS[r].1 });
let q = rh * 0.38;
let shape = match DRUMS[r].0 {
"K" => format!("<circle cx=\"{cx:.1}\" cy=\"{cy:.1}\" r=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{col}\" opacity=\"{op:.2}\"/>", q * 1.2),
"S" => format!("<rect x=\"{:.1}\" y=\"{:.1}\" width=\"{:.1}\" height=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{col}\" opacity=\"{op:.2}\"/>", cx - q, cy - q, q * 2.0, q * 2.0),
"H" => format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}M{:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}\" stroke=\"{col}\" stroke-width=\"1.8\" opacity=\"{op:.2}\"/>", cx - q, cy - q, q * 2.0, q * 2.0, cx + q, cy - q, -q * 2.0, q * 2.0),
"O" => format!("<circle cx=\"{cx:.1}\" cy=\"{cy:.1}\" r=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"{col}\" stroke-width=\"1.6\" opacity=\"{op:.2}\"/>", q * 1.1),
"T" => format!("<path d=\"M{cx:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}h{:.1}z\" fill=\"{col}\" opacity=\"{op:.2}\"/>", cy - q * 1.1, q * 1.1, q * 2.0, -q * 2.2),
"C" => format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {cy:.1}h{:.1}M{cx:.1} {:.1}v{:.1}M{:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}M{:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}\" stroke=\"{col}\" stroke-width=\"1.5\" opacity=\"{op:.2}\"/>", cx - q * 1.2, q * 2.4, cy - q * 1.2, q * 2.4, cx - q, cy - q, q * 2.0, q * 2.0, cx + q, cy - q, -q * 2.0, q * 2.0),
"R" => format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1}h{:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}z\" fill=\"{col}\" opacity=\"{op:.2}\"/>", cx - q * 1.1, cy - q, q * 2.2, -q * 1.1, q * 2.0),
_ => format!("<path d=\"M{cx:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}z\" fill=\"{col}\" opacity=\"{op:.2}\"/>", cy - q * 1.2, q * 1.2, q * 1.2, -q * 1.2, q * 1.2, -q * 1.2, -q * 1.2),
};
cur.body.push_str(&shape);
cur.body.push('\n');
continue;
}
let y0 = ly + (lane.max as f64 + 1.0 - n.key as f64) * rh;
let (fill, stroke) = tile_fill(o, &c.th, n.key, tcol);
let rr = if o.square { 0.0 } else { (rh * 0.3).min(4.0) };
let cl = n.s < b0;
let cr = n.e > b1;
cur.body.push_str(&format!(
"<rect x=\"{x0:.1}\" y=\"{:.1}\" width=\"{w:.1}\" height=\"{:.1}\" rx=\"{rr:.1}\" fill=\"{}\" fill-opacity=\"{op:.2}\" stroke=\"{}\" stroke-width=\"{}\"{}/>\n",
y0 + 0.6,
rh - 1.2,
hexc(fill),
hexc(stroke),
if rh >= 7.0 { 1.0 } else { 0.6 },
if cl || cr { " stroke-dasharray=\"0\"" } else { "" }
));
if cr {
cur.body.push_str(&format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1}l4 {:.1}l-4 {:.1}\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"{}\" stroke-width=\"1.2\"/>\n", x0 + w - 1.0, y0 + 1.0, rh / 2.0 - 1.0, rh / 2.0 - 1.0, hexc(stroke)));
}
if cl {
cur.body.push_str(&format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1}v{:.1}\" stroke=\"{}\" stroke-width=\"2\"/>\n", x0 + 0.5, y0 + 1.0, rh - 2.0, hexc(stroke)));
}
chord_marks.push((x0, y0, y0 + rh));
// the letter
if o.names && !cl && rh >= 8.0 && w >= 11.0 {
let lc = if matches!(o.scheme, Scheme::Ink) { ink.clone() } else if o.dark && matches!(o.scheme, Scheme::Pastel) { "#10131a".into() } else { "#10131a".to_string() };
let fs = rh * 0.86;
let acc = is_sharp(n.key);
cur.body.push_str(&text(x0 + 3.0, y0 + rh - 1.9, fs, &lc, "start", &c.fam_note, NAMES[(n.key % 12) as usize], ""));
if acc {
cur.body.push_str(&sharp_mark(x0 + 3.0 + fs * 0.85, y0 + rh * 0.45, rh * 0.55, &lc));
}
if o.octaves && w >= 26.0 {
cur.body.push_str(&text(x0 + w - 3.0, y0 + rh - 2.2, rh * 0.5, &lc, "end", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &format!("{}", n.key / 12), "opacity=\"0.7\""));
}
}
}
// chord stems: where several tiles start together
chord_marks.sort_by(|a, b| a.0.total_cmp(&b.0));
let mut i = 0;
while i < chord_marks.len() {
let mut j = i;
let (mut top, mut bot) = (chord_marks[i].1, chord_marks[i].2);
while j + 1 < chord_marks.len() && (chord_marks[j + 1].0 - chord_marks[i].0).abs() < 0.5 {
j += 1;
top = top.min(chord_marks[j].1);
bot = bot.max(chord_marks[j].2);
}
if j > i {
cur.body.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"{:.1}\" y1=\"{:.1}\" x2=\"{:.1}\" y2=\"{:.1}\" stroke=\"{}\" stroke-width=\"2\"/>\n", chord_marks[i].0 - 1.5, top, chord_marks[i].0 - 1.5, bot, ink));
}
i = j + 1;
}
// lyrics under the lane
if lane.lyrics {
let ty = ly + grid_h + 14.0;
let mut lastx = f64::MIN;
for (s, _e, tx, ws) in lyric_fn(lane.track).into_iter().filter(|x| x.0 >= b0 && x.0 < b1) {
let x0 = grid_x + (s - b0) / 4.0 * bar_w;
let shown = if x0 < lastx { continue } else { format!("{}{}", if ws { "" } else { "-" }, tx) };
cur.body.push_str(&text(x0 + 1.0, ty, 12.0, &ink, "start", &c.fam_note, &shown, ""));
lastx = x0 + 6.0 + 6.5 * shown.chars().count() as f64;
}
}
ly += lane.height + lane_gap;
}
y = ly + sys_gap - lane_gap;
sys_start += sys_bars;
}
pages.push(cur);
let n_pages = pages.len();
let mut out = vec![];
for (i, pg) in pages.into_iter().enumerate() {
let mut s = String::new();
s.push_str(&format!("<rect width=\"{pw}\" height=\"{ph}\" fill=\"{}\"/>\n", hexc(c.th.paper)));
s.push_str(&header(&c, p, i == 0, i + 1, n_pages, bars, secs));
s.push_str(&pg.body);
// footer rule
s.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"40\" y1=\"{:.1}\" x2=\"{:.1}\" y2=\"{:.1}\" stroke=\"{}\" stroke-width=\"0.8\"/>\n", ph - 28.0, pw - 40.0, ph - 28.0, hexc(c.th.faint)));
s.push_str(&text(40.0, ph - 12.0, 9.0, &hexc(mix(c.th.ink, c.th.paper, 0.45)), "start", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &format!("{} - page {} / {}", p.name, i + 1, n_pages), ""));
out.push(s);
}
let _ = c.h;
Sheet { pages: out, bars, tracks: lanes.len() }
}
fn b64(data: &[u8]) -> String {
const T: &[u8] = b"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
let mut o = String::with_capacity(data.len() * 4 / 3 + 4);
for c in data.chunks(3) {
let n = (c[0] as u32) << 16 | (*c.get(1).unwrap_or(&0) as u32) << 8 | *c.get(2).unwrap_or(&0) as u32;
o.push(T[(n >> 18) as usize & 63] as char);
o.push(T[(n >> 12) as usize & 63] as char);
o.push(if c.len() > 1 { T[(n >> 6) as usize & 63] as char } else { '=' });
o.push(if c.len() > 2 { T[n as usize & 63] as char } else { '=' });
}
o
}
/// @font-face rules for the embedded fonts: (family, bytes, mime)
pub fn font_css(fonts: &[(&str, Vec<u8>, &str)]) -> String {
fonts.iter().map(|(fam, d, mime)| format!("@font-face{{font-family:'{fam}';src:url(data:{mime};base64,{}) format('{}');}}\n", b64(d), if *mime == "font/otf" { "opentype" } else { "truetype" })).collect()
}
/// one page as a standalone SVG file
pub fn svg_page(body: &str, landscape: bool, css: &str) -> String {
let (w, h) = if landscape { (1400, 990) } else { (990, 1400) };
format!("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n<svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 {w} {h}\" width=\"{w}\" height=\"{h}\">\n<style>{css}</style>\n{body}</svg>\n")
}
/// all pages in one printable HTML document
pub fn html(title: &str, pages: &[String], landscape: bool, css: &str) -> String {
let (w, h) = if landscape { (1400, 990) } else { (990, 1400) };
let mut s = format!(
"<!doctype html><html><head><meta charset=\"utf-8\"><title>{}</title><style>{css}\n@page{{size:{};margin:0}}html,body{{margin:0;background:#8a90a0}}.pg{{width:{w}px;max-width:100%;margin:12px auto;background:#fff;box-shadow:0 2px 12px #0006}}svg{{display:block;width:100%;height:auto}}@media print{{html,body{{background:none}}.pg{{margin:0;width:{pgw};height:{pgh};overflow:hidden;box-shadow:none;break-after:page}}.pg:last-child{{break-after:auto}}svg{{width:{pgw};height:{pgh}}}}}</style></head><body>\n",
esc(title),
if landscape { "297mm 210mm" } else { "210mm 297mm" },
pgw = if landscape { "297mm" } else { "210mm" },
pgh = if landscape { "210mm" } else { "297mm" },
);
for p in pages {
s.push_str(&format!("<div class=\"pg\"><svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 {w} {h}\">{p}</svg></div>\n"));
}
s.push_str("</body></html>\n");
s
}
// ── notation: staves, clefs, noteheads, stems, beams, rests ───────────────────────
const GS: f64 = 9.5; // the space between two staff lines
#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
enum Clef {
Treble,
Bass,
Perc,
}
/// (letter index C=0 .. B=6, sharp, octave) of a MIDI key, spelt with sharps
fn spell(key: u8) -> (i32, bool, i32) {
let (l, sh) = match key % 12 {
0 => (0, false),
1 => (0, true),
2 => (1, false),
3 => (1, true),
4 => (2, false),
5 => (3, false),
6 => (3, true),
7 => (4, false),
8 => (4, true),
9 => (5, false),
10 => (5, true),
_ => (6, false),
};
(l, sh, (key / 12) as i32 - 1)
}
/// diatonic step number: E4 = 30, G2 = 18
fn dn(key: u8) -> i32 {
let (l, _, o) = spell(key);
7 * o + l
}
/// rhythmic value of a length in beats: (kind 0 whole .. 5 thirty-second, dots)
fn classify(len: f64) -> (u8, u8) {
let table: [(f64, u8, u8); 10] = [(4.0, 0, 0), (3.0, 1, 1), (2.0, 1, 0), (1.5, 2, 1), (1.0, 2, 0), (0.75, 3, 1), (0.5, 3, 0), (0.375, 4, 1), (0.25, 4, 0), (0.125, 5, 0)];
let mut best = table[0];
for t in table {
if (len - t.0).abs() < (len - best.0).abs() {
best = t;
}
}
(best.1, best.2)
}
#[derive(Clone)]
struct Piece {
s: f64,
e: f64,
key: u8,
vel: f32,
/// the note carries over from the bar (or system) before / into the next
tie_in: bool,
tie_out: bool,
/// staff position in half-steps above the bottom line (set when placed)
pos: i32,
}
struct Group {
x: f64,
s: f64,
heads: Vec<(f64, f64, Piece)>, // (x, y, piece)
up: bool,
kind: u8,
stem_x: f64,
y_from: f64,
y_to: f64,
}
fn perc_pos(key: u8) -> (i32, &'static str) {
match drum_row(key) {
0 => (10, "x"),
1 => (8, "x"),
2 => (9, "xo"),
3 => (9, "x"),
4 => (7, "d"),
5 => (5, "n"),
6 => (4, "n"),
_ => (1, "n"),
}
}
fn clef_svg(clef: Clef, cx: f64, yb: f64, col: &str) -> String {
let g = GS;
let mut s = String::new();
match clef {
Clef::Treble => {
// a stylised G clef: the spine, the curl round the G line and the hook on top
let yg = yb - g;
s.push_str(&format!(
"<g fill=\"none\" stroke=\"{col}\" stroke-width=\"1.7\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"><path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1} C{:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1}\"/><circle cx=\"{:.1}\" cy=\"{:.1}\" r=\"{:.1}\"/><path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1} C{:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1}\"/></g>\n",
cx - g * 0.9, yb + g * 1.3, cx - g * 1.4, yb + g * 2.2, cx - g * 0.2, yb + g * 2.4, cx + g * 0.1, yb + g * 1.2,
cx - g * 0.1, yg - g * 0.05, g * 1.0,
cx + g * 0.1, yb + g * 1.2, cx + g * 0.0, yb - g * 3.6, cx + g * 0.9, yb - g * 5.0, cx - g * 0.3, yb - g * 5.2
));
s.push_str(&format!("<circle cx=\"{:.1}\" cy=\"{:.1}\" r=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{col}\"/>\n", cx - g * 0.9, yb + g * 1.3, g * 0.38));
}
Clef::Bass => {
let y4 = yb - g * 3.0; // the F line
s.push_str(&format!("<circle cx=\"{:.1}\" cy=\"{:.1}\" r=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{col}\"/>\n", cx - g * 0.6, y4, g * 0.55));
s.push_str(&format!(
"<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1} C{:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} C{:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1}\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"{col}\" stroke-width=\"1.8\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"/>\n",
cx - g * 0.6, y4, cx + g * 0.2, y4 - g * 0.9, cx + g * 1.5, y4 - g * 0.3, cx + g * 1.2, y4 + g * 1.0,
cx + g * 0.9, y4 + g * 2.0, cx - g * 0.1, y4 + g * 2.6, cx - g * 1.2, y4 + g * 3.2
));
s.push_str(&format!("<circle cx=\"{:.1}\" cy=\"{:.1}\" r=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{col}\"/><circle cx=\"{:.1}\" cy=\"{:.1}\" r=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{col}\"/>\n", cx + g * 2.0, y4 - g * 0.5, g * 0.28, cx + g * 2.0, y4 + g * 0.5, g * 0.28));
}
Clef::Perc => {
s.push_str(&format!("<rect x=\"{:.1}\" y=\"{:.1}\" width=\"{:.1}\" height=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{col}\"/><rect x=\"{:.1}\" y=\"{:.1}\" width=\"{:.1}\" height=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{col}\"/>\n", cx - g * 0.6, yb - g * 3.0, g * 0.45, g * 2.0, cx + g * 0.3, yb - g * 3.0, g * 0.45, g * 2.0));
}
}
s
}
fn rest_svg(kind: u8, x: f64, yb: f64, col: &str) -> String {
let g = GS;
let mid = yb - g * 2.0;
match kind {
0 => format!("<rect x=\"{:.1}\" y=\"{:.1}\" width=\"{:.1}\" height=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{col}\"/>\n", x - g * 0.8, yb - g * 3.0, g * 1.6, g * 0.55),
1 => format!("<rect x=\"{:.1}\" y=\"{:.1}\" width=\"{:.1}\" height=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{col}\"/>\n", x - g * 0.8, mid - g * 0.55, g * 1.6, g * 0.55),
2 => format!(
"<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1} l{:.1} {:.1} l{:.1} {:.1} l{:.1} {:.1} c{:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1}\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"{col}\" stroke-width=\"1.8\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"/>\n",
x - g * 0.3, mid - g * 1.4, g * 0.7, g * 0.7, -g * 0.8, g * 0.9, g * 0.8, g * 0.8, -g * 0.7, g * 0.1, -g * 0.6, g * 0.6, -g * 0.1, g * 0.9
),
k => {
let flags = (k as usize).saturating_sub(2).max(1);
let mut s = String::new();
for i in 0..flags {
let y = mid - g * 0.6 + i as f64 * g * 0.9;
s.push_str(&format!("<circle cx=\"{:.1}\" cy=\"{:.1}\" r=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{col}\"/>\n", x - g * 0.4 + i as f64 * g * 0.15, y, g * 0.3));
}
s.push_str(&format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1} l{:.1} {:.1}\" stroke=\"{col}\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"/>\n", x + g * 0.35 - 0.0, mid - g * 0.4, -g * 0.7 + (flags as f64 - 1.0) * -g * 0.15, g * 0.9 * flags as f64 + g * 0.5));
s
}
}
}
/// The vertical room one track needs in a system, from the notes it actually plays: ledger lines, stems and ties may not touch the
/// neighbouring staves.
struct Lay {
two: bool,
single: Clef,
split: i32,
/// space above the first staff, between the two staves, below the last staff
top: f64,
gap: f64,
bot: f64,
}
impl Lay {
fn height(&self) -> f64 {
self.top + 4.0 * GS + if self.two { self.gap + 4.0 * GS } else { 0.0 } + self.bot
}
}
fn layout(all: &[N], notes: &[N], drums: bool) -> Lay {
// how far above the top line / below the bottom line a note with this staff position (half-steps above the bottom line) reaches,
// counting its head, ledger lines and a stem
let up_need = |pos: i32| -> f64 { (pos as f64 * GS / 2.0 + 3.5 * GS - 4.0 * GS).max((pos as f64 * GS / 2.0 - 4.0 * GS) + GS).max(0.0) };
let dn_need = |pos: i32| -> f64 { (-(pos as f64) * GS / 2.0 + 3.5 * GS).max(-(pos as f64) * GS / 2.0 + GS).max(0.0) };
let (min_top, min_bot) = (2.6 * GS, 3.0 * GS);
if drums {
let (mut up, mut dnn) = (0.0f64, 0.0f64);
for n in notes {
let pos = perc_pos(n.key).0;
up = up.max(up_need(pos));
dnn = dnn.max(dn_need(pos));
}
return Lay { two: false, single: Clef::Perc, split: 0, top: min_top.max(up + 1.2 * GS), gap: 0.0, bot: min_bot.max(dnn + 0.8 * GS), };
}
let (lo, hi) = (all.iter().map(|n| n.key).min().unwrap_or(60), all.iter().map(|n| n.key).max().unwrap_or(60));
let reach = |clef_dn: i32, sel: &dyn Fn(u8) -> bool| -> (f64, f64) {
let (mut up, mut dnn) = (0.0f64, 0.0f64);
for n in notes.iter().filter(|n| sel(n.key)) {
let pos = dn(n.key) - clef_dn;
up = up.max(up_need(pos));
dnn = dnn.max(dn_need(pos));
}
(up, dnn)
};
if hi < 62 {
let (u, d) = reach(dn(43), &|_| true);
Lay { two: false, single: Clef::Bass, split: 0, top: min_top.max(u + 1.2 * GS), gap: 0.0, bot: min_bot.max(d + 0.8 * GS) }
} else if lo >= 55 {
let (u, d) = reach(dn(64), &|_| true);
Lay { two: false, single: Clef::Treble, split: 0, top: min_top.max(u + 1.2 * GS), gap: 0.0, bot: min_bot.max(d + 0.8 * GS) }
} else {
let (ut, dt) = reach(dn(64), &|k| k >= 60);
let (ub, db) = reach(dn(43), &|k| k < 60);
Lay { two: true, single: Clef::Treble, split: 60, top: min_top.max(ut + 1.2 * GS), gap: (dt + ub + 1.6 * GS).max(5.0 * GS), bot: min_bot.max(db + 0.8 * GS) }
}
}
/// One track in one system: its staff (or the two of a grand staff), clefs, notes, rests, lyrics. Returns the drawing and its height.
#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
fn staff_block(c: &Ctx, p: &Project, ti: usize, notes: &[N], drums: bool, lyrics: &[(f64, f64, String, bool)], b0: f64, sys_bars: usize, gx: f64, bar_w: f64, y0: f64, first_system: bool, last_system: bool) -> (String, f64) {
let (o, th) = (c.o, &c.th);
let ink = hexc(th.ink);
let t = &p.tracks[ti];
let tcol = t.color & 0xFFFFFF;
let b1 = b0 + sys_bars as f64 * 4.0;
let x_end = gx + sys_bars as f64 * bar_w;
// staves: (clef, bottom y, bottom diatonic step)
let sys_notes: Vec<N> = notes.iter().filter(|n| n.e > b0 && n.s < b1).cloned().collect();
let lay = layout(notes, &sys_notes, drums);
let staff_h = 4.0 * GS;
let mut staves: Vec<(Clef, f64, i32)> = vec![];
let split = lay.split;
let top_y = y0 + lay.top + staff_h;
if drums {
staves.push((Clef::Perc, top_y, 0));
} else if lay.two {
staves.push((Clef::Treble, top_y, dn(64)));
staves.push((Clef::Bass, top_y + lay.gap + staff_h, dn(43)));
} else {
staves.push((lay.single, top_y, if lay.single == Clef::Bass { dn(43) } else { dn(64) }));
}
let mut height = lay.height();
let lyric_h = if !lyrics.is_empty() { 20.0 } else { 0.0 };
let mut s = String::new();
let x_of = |beat: f64| -> f64 { gx + (beat - b0) / 4.0 * bar_w + 14.0 };
// the label
let label_y = (staves[0].1 + staves.last().unwrap().1) * 0.5 - staff_h * 0.5;
s.push_str(&format!("<rect x=\"40\" y=\"{:.1}\" width=\"3\" height=\"{:.1}\" fill=\"{}\"/>\n", staves[0].1 - staff_h - 2.0, staves.last().unwrap().1 - staves[0].1 + staff_h + 4.0, hexc(tcol)));
// the instrument name on up to two lines, inside the 124 px gutter
let shown_name = {
let n = t.name.trim();
match n.rfind(" (") {
Some(i) if n.ends_with(')') && n[..i].trim().eq_ignore_ascii_case(n[i + 2..n.len() - 1].trim()) => n[..i].trim().to_string(),
_ => n.to_string(),
}
};
let mut lines: Vec<String> = vec![];
let mut cur = String::new();
for w in shown_name.split_whitespace() {
if !cur.is_empty() && cur.chars().count() + 1 + w.chars().count() > 17 {
lines.push(std::mem::take(&mut cur));
}
if !cur.is_empty() {
cur.push(' ');
}
cur.push_str(w);
}
if !cur.is_empty() {
lines.push(cur);
}
lines.truncate(2);
for l in lines.iter_mut() {
if l.chars().count() > 18 {
*l = format!("{}…", l.chars().take(17).collect::<String>());
}
}
for (i, l) in lines.iter().enumerate() {
s.push_str(&text(52.0, label_y + staff_h * 0.5 + 4.0 + (i as f64 - (lines.len() as f64 - 1.0) * 0.5) * 14.0, 11.5, &ink, "start", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", l, "font-weight=\"600\""));
}
let line_col = hexc(mix(th.ink, th.paper, 0.2));
for (si, (clef, yb, bdn)) in staves.iter().enumerate() {
// five lines, bar lines, clef, time signature
for l in 0..5 {
let ly = yb - l as f64 * GS;
s.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"{:.1}\" y1=\"{ly:.1}\" x2=\"{x_end:.1}\" y2=\"{ly:.1}\" stroke=\"{line_col}\" stroke-width=\"0.9\"/>\n", gx - 52.0));
}
s.push_str(&clef_svg(*clef, gx - 40.0, *yb, &ink));
if first_system {
let f = hexc(th.ink);
let serif = "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif";
s.push_str(&text(gx - 6.0, yb - GS * 2.0 - 1.0, 19.0, &f, "middle", serif, "4", "font-weight=\"bold\""));
s.push_str(&text(gx - 6.0, yb - 1.0, 19.0, &f, "middle", serif, "4", "font-weight=\"bold\""));
}
for b in 0..=sys_bars {
let bx = gx + b as f64 * bar_w;
let w = if b == sys_bars && last_system { 2.6 } else { 1.0 };
s.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"{bx:.1}\" y1=\"{:.1}\" x2=\"{bx:.1}\" y2=\"{yb:.1}\" stroke=\"{ink}\" stroke-width=\"{w}\"/>\n", yb - staff_h));
}
s.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"{:.1}\" y1=\"{:.1}\" x2=\"{:.1}\" y2=\"{yb:.1}\" stroke=\"{ink}\" stroke-width=\"1.6\"/>\n", gx - 52.0, yb - staff_h, gx - 52.0));
let _ = (si, bdn);
}
if staves.len() == 2 {
// brace and the system line joining the two staves
let (ya, yb2) = (staves[0].1 - staff_h, staves[1].1);
s.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"{:.1}\" y1=\"{ya:.1}\" x2=\"{:.1}\" y2=\"{yb2:.1}\" stroke=\"{ink}\" stroke-width=\"1.6\"/>\n", gx - 52.0, gx - 52.0));
s.push_str(&format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {ya:.1} C{:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} C{:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {yb2:.1}\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"{ink}\" stroke-width=\"2.2\"/>\n", gx - 58.0, gx - 70.0, ya + 18.0, gx - 54.0, (ya + yb2) * 0.5 - 12.0, gx - 68.0, (ya + yb2) * 0.5, gx - 54.0, (ya + yb2) * 0.5 + 12.0, gx - 70.0, yb2 - 18.0, gx - 58.0));
for b in 0..=sys_bars {
let bx = gx + b as f64 * bar_w;
s.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"{bx:.1}\" y1=\"{:.1}\" x2=\"{bx:.1}\" y2=\"{:.1}\" stroke=\"{ink}\" stroke-width=\"1\"/>\n", staves[0].1 - staff_h, staves[0].1));
s.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"{bx:.1}\" y1=\"{:.1}\" x2=\"{bx:.1}\" y2=\"{:.1}\" stroke=\"{ink}\" stroke-width=\"1\" opacity=\"0.0\"/>\n", staves[0].1, staves[1].1 - staff_h));
}
}
// pieces of every note, cut at the bar lines, per staff
let mut per_staff: Vec<Vec<Piece>> = vec![vec![]; staves.len()];
for n in notes.iter().filter(|n| n.e > b0 && n.s < b1) {
let si = if drums || staves.len() == 1 { 0 } else if n.key as i32 >= split { 0 } else { 1 };
let (cs, ce) = (n.s.max(b0), n.e.min(b1));
let mut a = cs;
while a < ce - 1e-6 {
let bar_end = ((a / 4.0).floor() + 1.0) * 4.0;
let z = ce.min(bar_end);
let pos = if drums {
perc_pos(n.key).0
} else {
dn(n.key) - staves[si].2
};
per_staff[si].push(Piece { s: a, e: z, key: n.key, vel: n.vel, tie_in: a > cs + 1e-6 || n.s < b0 && a <= cs + 1e-6, tie_out: z < ce - 1e-6 || n.e > b1 && z >= ce - 1e-6, pos });
a = z;
}
}
let rx = GS * 0.78;
let ry = GS * 0.56;
for (si, (clef, yb, _)) in staves.iter().enumerate() {
let pieces = &mut per_staff[si];
pieces.sort_by(|a, b| a.s.total_cmp(&b.s).then(a.key.cmp(&b.key)));
let ypos = |pos: i32| -> f64 { yb - pos as f64 * GS / 2.0 };
// rests: the gaps in every bar
for bar in 0..sys_bars {
let (ba, bz) = (b0 + bar as f64 * 4.0, b0 + bar as f64 * 4.0 + 4.0);
let mut iv: Vec<(f64, f64)> = pieces.iter().filter(|q| q.e > ba && q.s < bz).map(|q| (q.s.max(ba), q.e.min(bz))).collect();
iv.sort_by(|a, b| a.0.total_cmp(&b.0));
let mut cur = ba;
let mut gaps: Vec<(f64, f64)> = vec![];
for (a, z) in iv {
if a > cur + 0.49 {
gaps.push((cur, a));
}
cur = cur.max(z);
}
if bz > cur + 0.49 {
gaps.push((cur, bz));
}
for (a, z) in gaps {
let mut at = a;
let whole_bar = (a - ba).abs() < 1e-6 && (z - bz).abs() < 1e-6;
while z - at > 0.49 {
let rem = z - at;
let (len, kind) = if whole_bar { (4.0, 0u8) } else if rem >= 4.0 - 1e-6 && (at - ba).abs() < 1e-6 { (4.0, 0) } else if rem >= 2.0 - 1e-6 && ((at - ba) % 2.0).abs() < 1e-6 { (2.0, 1) } else if rem >= 1.0 - 1e-6 { (1.0, 2) } else { (0.5, 3) };
let rx_ = if whole_bar { gx + (bar as f64 + 0.5) * bar_w } else { x_of(at) + 4.0 };
s.push_str(&rest_svg(kind, rx_, *yb, &hexc(mix(th.ink, th.paper, 0.15))));
at += len;
}
}
}
// heads and groups
let mut groups: Vec<Group> = vec![];
let mut i = 0;
let mut acc_state: std::collections::HashMap<(i32, i32), bool> = std::collections::HashMap::new();
while i < pieces.len() {
let mut j = i;
while j + 1 < pieces.len() && (pieces[j + 1].s - pieces[i].s).abs() < 0.01 {
j += 1;
}
let grp: Vec<Piece> = pieces[i..=j].to_vec();
let bar_idx = ((grp[0].s - b0) / 4.0).floor() as i32;
let x = x_of(grp[0].s);
let min_len = grp.iter().map(|q| q.e - q.s).fold(f64::MAX, f64::min);
let kind = classify(min_len).0;
let avg = grp.iter().map(|q| q.pos as f64).sum::<f64>() / grp.len() as f64;
let up = avg < 4.0;
// second intervals swap sides
let mut heads: Vec<(f64, f64, Piece)> = vec![];
let mut sorted = grp.clone();
sorted.sort_by_key(|q| q.pos);
let mut last_pos = -1000i32;
let mut last_shift = false;
for q in sorted {
let shift = q.pos - last_pos == 1 && !last_shift;
last_pos = q.pos;
last_shift = shift;
let hx = if shift { x + rx * 1.8 * if up { 1.0 } else { -1.0 } } else { x };
heads.push((hx, ypos(q.pos), q));
}
// heads, ledger lines, accidentals, dots
for (hx, hy, q) in &heads {
let len = q.e - q.s;
let (_, dots) = classify(len);
let open = len >= 2.0 - 1e-6;
if !drums {
// ledger lines
for pp in (q.pos..0).filter(|p| p % 2 == 0).chain((10..=q.pos).filter(|p| p % 2 == 0)) {
s.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"{:.1}\" y1=\"{:.1}\" x2=\"{:.1}\" y2=\"{:.1}\" stroke=\"{ink}\" stroke-width=\"1\"/>\n", hx - rx * 1.5, ypos(pp), hx + rx * 1.5, ypos(pp)));
}
// accidental: shown once per bar for a staff position, like real notation
let (_, sharp, _) = spell(q.key);
let key_state = (bar_idx, dn(q.key));
let prev = acc_state.insert(key_state, sharp).unwrap_or(false);
if sharp != prev && !q.tie_in {
if sharp {
s.push_str(&sharp_mark(hx - rx - 6.0, *hy, GS * 1.5, &ink));
} else {
s.push_str(&format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1}v{:.1}m0 {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}m0 {:.1}v{:.1}m{:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}\" stroke=\"{ink}\" stroke-width=\"1\" fill=\"none\"/>\n", hx - rx - 8.0, hy - GS, GS * 1.7, -GS * 0.8, GS * 0.7, -GS * 0.25, GS * 0.5, -GS * 1.0, -GS * 0.0, GS * 0.6, GS * 0.7, -GS * 0.25));
}
}
}
let (fill, stroke) = tile_fill(o, th, q.key, tcol);
let op = if drums { 0.6 + 0.4 * q.vel.clamp(0.0, 1.0) as f64 } else { 1.0 };
if drums {
let shape = perc_pos(q.key).1;
let col = hexc(if matches!(o.scheme, Scheme::Ink) { th.ink } else { DRUMS[drum_row(q.key)].1 });
match shape {
"x" | "xo" => {
s.push_str(&format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}M{:.1} {:.1}l{:.1} {:.1}\" stroke=\"{col}\" stroke-width=\"1.8\" opacity=\"{op:.2}\"/>\n", hx - rx * 0.8, hy - ry * 1.1, rx * 1.6, ry * 2.2, hx + rx * 0.8, hy - ry * 1.1, -rx * 1.6, ry * 2.2));
if shape == "xo" {
s.push_str(&format!("<circle cx=\"{hx:.1}\" cy=\"{:.1}\" r=\"2.2\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"{col}\" stroke-width=\"1\"/>\n", hy - GS * 1.2));
}
}
"d" => s.push_str(&format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1} l{:.1} {:.1} l{:.1} {:.1} l{:.1} {:.1}z\" fill=\"{col}\" opacity=\"{op:.2}\"/>\n", hx - rx, hy, rx, -ry * 1.3, rx, ry * 1.3, -rx, ry * 1.3)),
_ => s.push_str(&format!("<ellipse cx=\"{hx:.1}\" cy=\"{hy:.1}\" rx=\"{rx:.1}\" ry=\"{ry:.1}\" transform=\"rotate(-18 {hx:.1} {hy:.1})\" fill=\"{col}\" opacity=\"{op:.2}\"/>\n")),
}
} else {
// solid colour heads only (no outline, no hollow); a long note keeps a darker core so it still reads as open
let _ = stroke;
s.push_str(&format!(
"<ellipse cx=\"{hx:.1}\" cy=\"{hy:.1}\" rx=\"{rx:.1}\" ry=\"{ry:.1}\" transform=\"rotate(-18 {hx:.1} {hy:.1})\" fill=\"{}\" fill-opacity=\"{op:.2}\"/>\n",
hexc(fill)
));
if open {
s.push_str(&format!(
"<ellipse cx=\"{hx:.1}\" cy=\"{hy:.1}\" rx=\"{:.1}\" ry=\"{:.1}\" transform=\"rotate(-18 {hx:.1} {hy:.1})\" fill=\"{}\" fill-opacity=\"0.55\"/>\n",
rx * 0.5, ry * 0.45, hexc(mix(fill, th.paper, 0.7))
));
}
if false {
let lc = if open || matches!(o.scheme, Scheme::Ink) { ink.clone() } else { "#10131a".to_string() };
s.push_str(&text(*hx, hy + GS * 0.3, GS * 0.95, &lc, "middle", &c.fam_note, NAMES[(q.key % 12) as usize], ""));
}
}
for d in 0..dots {
let dy = if q.pos % 2 == 0 { hy - GS * 0.5 } else { *hy };
s.push_str(&format!("<circle cx=\"{:.1}\" cy=\"{:.1}\" r=\"1.5\" fill=\"{ink}\"/>\n", hx + rx + 4.0 + d as f64 * 4.0, dy));
}
// ties
if q.tie_out {
let bx = gx + (((q.s - b0) / 4.0).floor() + 1.0) * bar_w;
let dir = if up { 1.0 } else { -1.0 };
s.push_str(&format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1} Q{:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1}\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"{ink}\" stroke-width=\"1.2\"/>\n", hx + rx, hy + dir * 3.0, (hx + bx) * 0.5, hy + dir * 9.0, bx - 3.0, hy + dir * 3.0));
}
if q.tie_in {
let bx = gx + ((q.s - b0) / 4.0).floor() * bar_w;
let dir = if up { 1.0 } else { -1.0 };
s.push_str(&format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1} Q{:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1}\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"{ink}\" stroke-width=\"1.2\"/>\n", bx + 3.0, hy + dir * 3.0, (hx + bx) * 0.5, hy + dir * 9.0, hx - rx, hy + dir * 3.0));
}
}
// the stem
let ys: Vec<f64> = heads.iter().map(|h| h.1).collect();
let (ymin, ymax) = (ys.iter().cloned().fold(f64::MAX, f64::min), ys.iter().cloned().fold(f64::MIN, f64::max));
let main_x = heads.iter().find(|h| (h.0 - x).abs() < 0.01).map(|h| h.0).unwrap_or(x);
let len = GS * 3.5;
let mid = yb - GS * 2.0;
let (stem_x, y_from, mut y_to) = if up { (main_x + rx * 0.92, ymax, ymin - len) } else { (main_x - rx * 0.92, ymin, ymax + len) };
// a stem reaches at least the middle line
if up && y_to > mid {
y_to = mid;
}
if !up && y_to < mid {
y_to = mid;
}
groups.push(Group { x, s: grp[0].s, heads, up, kind, stem_x, y_from, y_to });
i = j + 1;
}
// beams: runs of flagged groups inside one beat
let mut gi = 0;
let mut beamed = vec![false; groups.len()];
while gi < groups.len() {
let mut gj = gi;
let beat = groups[gi].s.floor();
while gj + 1 < groups.len() && groups[gj + 1].kind >= 3 && groups[gi].kind >= 3 && groups[gj + 1].s.floor() == beat && groups[gj + 1].s < groups[gj].s + 1.0 {
gj += 1;
}
if gj > gi {
let ups = (gi..=gj).filter(|k| groups[*k].up).count();
let up = ups * 2 >= gj - gi + 1;
let end_y = if up { (gi..=gj).map(|k| groups[k].y_to).fold(f64::MAX, f64::min) } else { (gi..=gj).map(|k| groups[k].y_to).fold(f64::MIN, f64::max) };
for k in gi..=gj {
let g = &mut groups[k];
g.up = up;
let ys: Vec<f64> = g.heads.iter().map(|h| h.1).collect();
let main_x = g.heads.iter().find(|h| (h.0 - g.x).abs() < 0.01).map(|h| h.0).unwrap_or(g.x);
g.stem_x = if up { main_x + rx * 0.92 } else { main_x - rx * 0.92 };
g.y_from = if up { ys.iter().cloned().fold(f64::MIN, f64::max) } else { ys.iter().cloned().fold(f64::MAX, f64::min) };
g.y_to = end_y;
beamed[k] = true;
}
let (xa, xb) = (groups[gi].stem_x, groups[gj].stem_x);
let dir = if up { 1.0 } else { -1.0 };
s.push_str(&format!("<rect x=\"{:.1}\" y=\"{:.1}\" width=\"{:.1}\" height=\"3\" fill=\"{ink}\"/>\n", xa - 0.8, if up { end_y } else { end_y - 3.0 }, xb - xa + 1.6));
// second beam over the runs of sixteenths
let mut k = gi;
while k <= gj {
if groups[k].kind >= 4 {
let mut m = k;
while m < gj && groups[m + 1].kind >= 4 {
m += 1;
}
let (xs, xe) = if m > k { (groups[k].stem_x, groups[m].stem_x) } else if k > gi { (groups[k].stem_x - 6.0, groups[k].stem_x) } else { (groups[k].stem_x, groups[k].stem_x + 6.0) };
s.push_str(&format!("<rect x=\"{:.1}\" y=\"{:.1}\" width=\"{:.1}\" height=\"3\" fill=\"{ink}\"/>\n", xs - 0.8, end_y + dir * 4.6 - if up { 0.0 } else { 3.0 }, xe - xs + 1.6));
k = m + 1;
} else {
k += 1;
}
}
}
gi = gj + 1;
}
for (k, g) in groups.iter().enumerate() {
if g.kind == 0 {
continue;
}
s.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"{:.1}\" y1=\"{:.1}\" x2=\"{:.1}\" y2=\"{:.1}\" stroke=\"{ink}\" stroke-width=\"1.6\"/>\n", g.stem_x, g.y_from, g.stem_x, g.y_to));
if g.kind >= 3 && !beamed[k] {
let n = (g.kind - 2) as usize;
for f in 0..n {
let dy = f as f64 * 4.0 * if g.up { 1.0 } else { -1.0 };
let (y, sgn) = (g.y_to + dy, if g.up { 1.0 } else { -1.0 });
s.push_str(&format!("<path d=\"M{:.1} {:.1} c{:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1} {:.1}\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"{ink}\" stroke-width=\"1.5\"/>\n", g.stem_x, y, 1.0, sgn * 2.5, 6.5, sgn * 3.5, 4.5, sgn * 9.0));
}
}
}
let _ = clef;
}
// lyrics under the lowest staff
if !lyrics.is_empty() {
let ty = staves.last().unwrap().1 + lay.bot + 10.0;
let mut lastx = f64::MIN;
for (s0, _e, tx, ws) in lyrics.iter().filter(|x| x.0 >= b0 && x.0 < b1) {
let x0 = x_of(*s0) - rx;
if x0 < lastx {
continue;
}
let shown = format!("{}{}", if *ws { "" } else { "-" }, tx);
s.push_str(&text(x0, ty, 12.0, &ink, "start", &c.fam_note, &shown, ""));
lastx = x0 + 6.0 + 6.5 * shown.chars().count() as f64;
}
height += lyric_h;
}
(s, height)
}
fn build_staff(p: &Project, o: &Opts, lyric_fn: &dyn Fn(usize) -> Vec<(f64, f64, String, bool)>) -> Sheet {
let th = theme(o.dark);
let (pw, ph) = if o.landscape { (1400.0, 990.0) } else { (990.0, 1400.0) };
let c = Ctx { o, th, w: pw, h: ph, fam_note: font_family(o.font).to_string() };
let end_beat = p.end_beat().max(4.0);
let total_bars = (end_beat / 4.0).ceil() as usize;
let from = o.from_bar.max(1) - 1;
let to = if o.to_bar == 0 { total_bars } else { o.to_bar.min(total_bars) };
let bars = to.saturating_sub(from).max(1);
let secs = p.beats_to_secs(0.0, end_beat);
let want: Vec<usize> = if o.tracks.is_empty() { (0..p.tracks.len()).collect() } else { o.tracks.clone() };
let mut tracks: Vec<(usize, Vec<N>, bool, Vec<(f64, f64, String, bool)>)> = vec![];
for ti in want {
let Some(t) = p.tracks.get(ti) else { continue };
if !matches!(t.kind, TrackKind::Instrument) {
continue;
}
let notes: Vec<N> = track_notes(t).into_iter().filter(|n| n.e > from as f64 * 4.0 && n.s < to as f64 * 4.0).collect();
if notes.is_empty() {
continue;
}
let ly = if o.lyrics { lyric_fn(ti) } else { vec![] };
tracks.push((ti, notes, t.inst_kind == "drums", ly));
}
let gx = 40.0 + 124.0 + 52.0;
// bars per row: as asked, but never so many that the closest notes (sixteenths, not grace-note flams) would overlap
let mut min_gap = 4.0f64;
for (_, notes, _, _) in &tracks {
let mut on: Vec<f64> = notes.iter().map(|n| n.s).collect();
on.dedup_by(|a, b| (*a - *b).abs() < 0.02);
for w in on.windows(2) {
let d = w[1] - w[0];
if d > 0.1 {
min_gap = min_gap.min(d);
}
}
}
let per_row_fit = (((pw - 40.0 - gx) / (4.0 / min_gap.max(0.25) * 19.0)).floor() as usize).max(1);
let per_row = o.bars_per_row.min(6).min(per_row_fit).max(1);
let bar_w = (pw - 40.0 - gx) / per_row as f64;
// the tracks that play in bars [b0, b1) (empty staves are left out of a system, as in a printed score) and the height each needs there
let visible = |b0: f64, b1: f64| -> Vec<(usize, f64)> {
let mut v: Vec<(usize, f64)> = vec![];
for (k, (_, notes, drums, ly)) in tracks.iter().enumerate() {
let sys: Vec<N> = notes.iter().filter(|n| n.e > b0 && n.s < b1).cloned().collect();
if sys.is_empty() {
continue;
}
let mut h = layout(notes, &sys, *drums).height();
if ly.iter().any(|x| x.0 >= b0 && x.0 < b1) {
h += 20.0;
}
v.push((k, h));
}
if v.is_empty() && !tracks.is_empty() {
v.push((0, layout(&tracks[0].1, &[], tracks[0].2).height()));
}
v
};
let mut pages: Vec<Page> = vec![];
let mut cur = Page { body: String::new() };
let mut y = 110.0 + 96.0;
let top_first = y;
let mut first = true;
let mut sys_start = from;
let mut first_system = true;
// a row of bar numbers (and tempo marks) over a system; repeated when a system continues on the next page
let bar_marks = |body: &mut String, y: f64, sys_start: usize, sys_bars: usize| {
let b0 = sys_start as f64 * 4.0;
for b in 0..sys_bars {
let (sz, col, st) = if b == 0 { (10.0, hexc(c.th.ink), "font-style=\"italic\" font-weight=\"600\"") } else { (8.5, hexc(mix(c.th.ink, c.th.paper, 0.5)), "") };
body.push_str(&text(gx + b as f64 * bar_w + 3.0, y + 8.0, sz, &col, "start", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &format!("{}", sys_start + b + 1), st));
}
for (tb, bpm) in &p.tempo_map {
if *tb >= b0 && *tb < b0 + sys_bars as f64 * 4.0 {
body.push_str(&text(gx + (tb - b0) / 4.0 * bar_w + 14.0, y - 2.0, 9.0, "#d66a2a", "start", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &format!("{} BPM", bpm.round()), "font-weight=\"bold\""));
}
}
};
let limit = ph - 40.0;
while sys_start < to {
let sys_bars = per_row.min(to - sys_start);
let b0 = sys_start as f64 * 4.0;
let vis = visible(b0, b0 + sys_bars as f64 * 4.0);
let first_h = vis.first().map(|v| v.1).unwrap_or(0.0);
if y + 16.0 + first_h > limit && y > (if first { top_first } else { 70.0 }) + 1.0 {
pages.push(std::mem::replace(&mut cur, Page { body: String::new() }));
first = false;
y = 70.0;
}
bar_marks(&mut cur.body, y, sys_start, sys_bars);
let mut ly = y + 16.0;
let mut page_top = if first { top_first } else { 70.0 };
let last_system = sys_start + sys_bars >= to;
for (vi, (k, hk)) in vis.iter().enumerate() {
let (ti, notes, drums, lyr) = &tracks[*k];
// a system taller than the page continues on the next one: nothing is ever drawn past the margin
if vi > 0 && ly + hk > limit && ly > page_top + 20.0 {
pages.push(std::mem::replace(&mut cur, Page { body: String::new() }));
first = false;
y = 70.0;
page_top = 70.0;
bar_marks(&mut cur.body, y, sys_start, sys_bars);
ly = y + 16.0;
}
let (body, h) = staff_block(&c, p, *ti, notes, *drums, lyr, b0, sys_bars, gx, bar_w, ly, first_system, last_system);
cur.body.push_str(&body);
ly += hk.max(h) + 8.0;
}
y = ly + 14.0;
sys_start += sys_bars;
first_system = false;
}
pages.push(cur);
let n_pages = pages.len();
let mut out = vec![];
for (i, pg) in pages.into_iter().enumerate() {
let mut s = String::new();
s.push_str(&format!("<rect width=\"{pw}\" height=\"{ph}\" fill=\"{}\"/>\n", hexc(c.th.paper)));
s.push_str(&header(&c, p, i == 0, i + 1, n_pages, bars, secs));
s.push_str(&pg.body);
s.push_str(&format!("<line x1=\"40\" y1=\"{:.1}\" x2=\"{:.1}\" y2=\"{:.1}\" stroke=\"{}\" stroke-width=\"0.8\"/>\n", ph - 28.0, pw - 40.0, ph - 28.0, hexc(c.th.faint)));
s.push_str(&text(40.0, ph - 12.0, 9.0, &hexc(mix(c.th.ink, c.th.paper, 0.45)), "start", "'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif", &format!("{} - page {} / {}", p.name, i + 1, n_pages), ""));
out.push(s);
}
Sheet { pages: out, bars, tracks: tracks.len() }
}